Build a Simple Emergency Light and Alarm Circuit Diagram

This Simple Emergency Light and Alarm Circuit Diagram is permanently plugged into a mains socket andNI-CD batteries are trickle-charged. When a power outage occurs,the lamp automatically illuminates. Instead of illuminating alamp, an alarm sounder can be chosen.When power supply is restored, the lamp or the alarm isswitched-off. A switch provides a “latch-up” function, in orderto extend lamp or alarm operation even when power is restored.Circuit operation:Mains voltage is reduced to about 12V DC at C2`s terminals, bymeans of the reactance of C1 and the diode bridge (D1-D4). Thusavoids the use of a mains transformer.

 Simple Emergency Light and Alarm Circuit Diagram

Trickle-charging current for the battery B1 is provided by theseries resistor R3, D5 and the green LED D6 that also monitorsthe presence of mains supply and correct battery charging.Q2 & Q3 form a self-latching pair that start operatingwhen a power outage occurs. In this case, Q1 biasing becomespositive, so this transistor turns on the self latching pair.

If SW3 is set as shown in the circuit diagram, the lampilluminates via SW2, which is normally closed; if set the otherway, a square wave audio frequency generator formed by Q4, Q5 andrelated components is activated, driving the loudspeaker.If SW1 is left open, when mains supply is restored the lamp orthe alarm continue to operate. They can be disabled by openingthe main on-off switch SW2.If SW1 is closed, restoration of the mains supply terminateslamp or alarm operation, by applying a positive bias to the Baseof Q2.

Notes:

Close SW2 after the circuit is plugged.Warning! The circuit is connected to 220Vac mains, then some parts in the circuit board are subjected to lethal potential! avoid touching the circuit when plugged and enclose it in a plastic box. 

Parts List
R1____________220K 1/4W Resistor
R2____________470R 1/2W Resistor
R3____________390R 1/4W Resistor
R4______________1K5 1/4W Resistor
R5______________1R 1/4W Resistor
R6_____________10K 1/4W Resistor
R7____________330K 1/4W Resistor
R8____________470R 1/4W Resistor
R9____________100R 1/4W Resistor

C1____________330nF 400V Polyester Capacitor
C2_____________10΅F 63V Electrolytic Capacitor
C3____________100nF 63V Polyester Capacitor
C4_____________10nF 63V Polyester Capacitor

D1-D5________1N4007 1000V 1A Diodes
D6______________LED Green (any shape)
D7___________1N4148 75V 150mA Diode

Q1,Q3,Q4______BC547 45V 100mA NPN Transistors
Q2,Q5_________BC327 45V 800mA PNP Transistors

SW1,SW2________SPST Switches
SW3____________SPDT Switch

LP1____________2.2V or 2.5V 250-300mA Torch Lamp

SPKR___________8 Ohm Loudspeaker

B1_____________2.5V Battery (tw1o AA NI-CD rechargeable cells wired in series)

PL1____________Male Mains plug

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Black Light

This circuit is a simple ultra violate light that can be powered by a 6 volt battery or power supply that is capable of supplying 1 or more amps.

Parts:

C1 0.0047uf Mono Capacitor
C2 0.1uf Disc Capacitor
D1, D2 1N4007 Diode
FTB Filtered Blacklight Tube
IC1 555 Timer IC
P1 10k Trim Pot
Q1 TIP30 PNP Power Transistor
R1 470 Ohm Resistor
R2 270 Ohm Resistor
T1 Medium Yellow Inverter Transformer
MISC IC Socket, Heat Sink For Q1, Screw, Nut, Wire and PC Board

Notes:

1. P1 changes brightness of the black light tube.

Source: http://www.diy-electronic-projects.com/p144-Black-Light

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Automatic room light controller

This
circuit is called the auto circuit which can use any electronic device
to operate it automatically. To make this circuit the cost is very low.
Any interested student can make it very easily. The main component of
this circuit is transistor. Its operation is very easy. 

The
main purpose of this is to operate a charger fan where need 6volt
battery. This circuit is mainly needed when the main power is OFF. That
is called load shedding. Because at the time of  load shedding , 6volt
battery operate the fan automatically. You don’t have need to ON the
switch of the fan or OFF the fan switch. Only relay work this as a
switch. The charging system is also automatically. On the other big
matter is that no over charge is occurred of the battery. So the life
time of the battery is increased.

Component:

1.      Transistor ( npn ) – 2N2222, BC547

2.      Zener Diode - 6.8V

3.      Diode

4.       Relay - 6V

5.      Resistor – 1K, 100Ω

6.      Rechargeable Battery - 6V

7.      Bulb - 6V

8.      Power supply - 6V

Operation:

This
circuit is three section, input section and output section. 2N2222
transistor is used to control relay. BC547 transistor is used to control
output section using relay. Zener diode and a diode connect with BC547
transistor base as a series connection. Zener diode always controls
battery charge. It zener voltage is 6.8V which can’t overcome battery
voltage.

When
power supply voltage is applied to the 2N2222 transistor base the
transistor is on. So the relay is ON relatively the output circuit is
OFF. Inverse will occurs when power supply voltage is OFF. When 2N2222
transistor is ON then relay active only battery charging, relay
deactivate the fan. Zener diode always keeps battery voltage full
(6volt).

Advantages:

1.      Need not switch ON/OFF.

2.      It depends on AC power supply come or gone.

3.      This circuit is used when you are sleeping.

4.      Easy to make

5.      Cost is very low

6.      Components are few.

7.      Battery can’t over charge.

8.      Overall efficiency is 78%.

9.      Not you, only relay can do your work.

10.  The circuit is a small project for all students.

 

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LED Light Bulbs Save Energy on Mysore Palace Board

As the first step towards the conservation of energy, The Mysore Palace Board began working with the replacement of equipment outside the halls of the palace (along the tracks and walk to the door) with Eco-LED (light emitting diode of light). 12 volt led lights will be enough.

As part of the first stage of labor, 685 units were replaced with LED lights to a golden color, as desired by the Council of the palace.

The contract was awarded to a man named S. Mysore Nagaraj, CEO of green light Trishul, Bangalore.

Star of Mysore Nagaraj said the Rs 77 lakh contract for the replacement of more than 3,000 lights on the Palace Square, which will be implemented in five phases. "Each LED unit is guaranteed for 50,000 hours," said Nagaraj and added, "the unit cost of Rs 30 watts. 14 000 and 60 watt unit cost of Rs 28000th service and replacement guarantee has been issued for five years. "

Nagaraj said the LED lights with LED other contractors that submitted bids were reviewed by representatives of the Board of Directors of NIE engineers and technicians Palace before awarding the contract. They insisted on using a light outside the Palace of Golden Hue.

".. The main advantage of energy saving LED lamps produce more light on the production of electricity used for LED bulbs are a great power, consumes less electricity," said Nagaraj, adding LED lights have the stabilizer circuit voltage , which takes the voltage range of 90 to 270 volts. They are also recyclable, he said.

Related items:12 volt led light bulbs.12 volt led light bulb

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Light and Dark Dependent Circuir

This is the circuit of a simple buzzer
that is activated by darkness, the buzzer is off when theres light and
on when it is dark. A general-purpose operational amplifier, the 741, is
used as a comparator that determines whether it is dark enough to turn on a self-oscillating piezoelectric buzzer.

Its inverting input is connected to a photoresistor,
a component whose resistance decreases as more light shines on it.  Its
non-inverting input, on the other hand, is connected to an almost fixed
voltage, i.e., a proportion of the supply voltage as set by timmer
resistor R2. 

 

Figure 1.  Darkness-Activated Buzzer Circuit Diagram.

            If there is ample light shining on the photo-resistor, the buzzer is quiet. As less light shines on the photo-resistor,
its resistance increases and causes the voltage across R1 to decrease. 
At a certain level of lighting, the voltage across R1, which is also
the voltage at the inverting input of the 741, becomes smaller than the
voltage at the non-inverting input. At this point, the 741 is triggered
to output a high level, turning on Q1.  Q1 then activates the
self-oscillating piezoelectric buzzer.

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